The Board of Grievances (Diwan Al-Mazalim) represents a cornerstone of administrative justice in Saudi Arabia. It is responsible for adjudicating disputes involving government entities, ensuring judicial oversight over administrative actions, and reinforcing the rule of law.
The system governing the Board was issued by Royal Decree No. (M/78) in 1428H, establishing its structure, defining its jurisdiction, and ensuring its independence from executive authorities—reflecting the principle of separation of powers.
What is the Board of Grievances?
The Board of Grievances is an independent judicial body directly linked to the King. It specializes in administrative disputes, including government contracts, disciplinary cases, and claims involving public authorities.
It operates through a structured network of administrative courts across the Kingdom.
Jurisdiction of the Board of Grievances
According to Article 13 of its governing law, the Board has jurisdiction over:
- Administrative disputes arising from government decisions
- Public contract disputes involving government entities
- Compensation claims against administrative actions
- Disciplinary cases against public employees
- Appeals against quasi-judicial decisions
The Board has the authority to annul unlawful administrative decisions, making it a key oversight body.
Difference between the Board and Administrative Courts
The Board of Grievances is the overarching entity, while administrative courts are its operational arms. The system includes:
- Administrative Courts (first instance)
- Administrative Courts of Appeal
- Administrative Supreme Court
Each level represents a stage in the litigation process.
Difference between the Board of Grievances and the Ministry of Justice
While both are part of the judicial ecosystem, their roles differ:
- The Ministry of Justice oversees general, criminal, personal status, and enforcement courts
- The Board of Grievances handles only administrative disputes involving government entities
Role and importance
The Board ensures the legality of administrative decisions, protects individuals from misuse of authority, and provides fair resolution of disputes involving the state.
It also embraces digital transformation through platforms like “Moeen,” enhancing efficiency and access to justice.
Conclusion
The Board of Grievances plays a vital role in upholding administrative justice and reinforcing the rule of law in Saudi Arabia. As the system continues to evolve, increased awareness and digital innovation will further strengthen its impact.